THE BUFFALO COUNTY LAND BRIEF
Land in the
River Breaks setting.
Buffalo County has 471.4 square miles of land in South Dakota. 3 mapped landscape regions meet across Buffalo County: River Breaks, Southern Missouri Coteau Slope, Southern Missouri Coteau.
Rolling semiarid plains are punctuated by buttes, badlands and river breaks. Much of the regional terrain developed on sandstone, siltstone and shale without the leveling influence of continental glaciers.
Regional context: Northwestern Great Plains ↗ · Regional mapping across the county footprint
Where the landscape changes
Buffalo County intersects 3 mapped regional units. The largest mapped shares are:
- River Breaks52.2%
- Southern Missouri Coteau Slope35.2%
- Southern Missouri Coteau12.6%
Northwestern Glaciated Plains in Buffalo County
Glaciated plains bridge the wetter eastern prairie and the drier, more broken Great Plains. Numerous prairie potholes and other seasonal or persistent wetlands are characteristic regional landforms.
Read the regional source ↗Finding your parcel within Buffalo County
The atlas lists 3 cities, towns, townships, and Census communities associated with Buffalo County, including Elvira, Fort Thompson, Gann Valley. The list includes overlapping geography types and does not divide the county into exclusive service areas.
Buffalo County by land and water
The Census records 16.4 square miles of water within Buffalo County, or 3.4% of its total area. That share is close to Buffalo County’s 3.4%. This is geographic context; waterfront status and usable land must be checked at the parcel.
For scale, Buffalo County has 45.4 times the land area of nearby Fort Thompson CDP (10.4 square miles). These areas describe boundaries, not comparable property prices.
The Census boundary meets Brule County, Hand County, Hyde County, Jerauld County, Lyman County within South Dakota. A tract near one of these lines should be matched to the county identifier on its own records.

